Bangladesh is the eighth-most populated country in the world with 165,158,616 people and a population density of 1,119 persons per square kilometre. One-third of the population is under 15 years of age and more than half of the population is under 25 years of age. This youthful age structure creates significant ‘population momentum’ for the future, requiring Bangladesh to capitalize on the demographic dividend of the working population in the short term.